Pursuing a Degree in Psychiatry

Psychiatry is a part of psychology, which includes the study of the human brain, emotions, and behavior. A psychiatrist is an individual who is trained in psychology and also has a medical degree. They've been educated to use drugs and counseling to support people with mental well-being, behavioral problems, and emotional well-being issues.

The importance of psychiatry cannot be overstated, as it plays a crucial role in the understanding, diagnosis, and treatment of mental health disorders. Psychiatry is essential in addressing the complex and often misunderstood nature of mental illness, and it provides a framework for helping individuals navigate their mental health challenges.

Psychiatry also plays a vital role in reducing the stigma surrounding mental illness and promoting awareness and understanding of mental health issues. By providing evidence-based treatments and therapies, psychiatry helps individuals manage their symptoms and improve their overall well-being.

Furthermore, psychiatry is essential in addressing the intersection of mental health and other aspects of life, such as relationships, work, and physical health. It provides a holistic approach to mental health care, considering the various factors that can impact an individual's mental well-being.

In May of the year 2023, there were roughly 24,800 psychiatrists practicing in the United States, receiving an average hourly pay of approximately $124 and an average yearly salary of about $260,000.

Undergraduate Degrees in Psychiatry

A bachelor's degree in a science or pre-med area is required for students interested in psychiatry. Many medical schools prefer applicants to have a bachelor's degree in chemistry, physics, biology, humanities, or liberal arts, according to The Association of American Medical Colleges. It is important to remember that most universities name the undergraduate degree and the subjects undertaken as "prerequisites" to medical school.

The pre-requisites include the above-mentioned subjects, however, every university has its own set of pre-requisite subjects. Furthermore, most universities prefer if the student has lab experience in the subjects they have undertaken during their undergraduate degree courses. Another optional requirement for medical school is for students to volunteer in the medical field while still in their undergraduate program to improve their chances of acceptance into a medical school.

Graduate Degree in Psychiatry

Once students have completed their undergraduate degree in the relevant field, they can enroll in the medical school of their desired university. But before that, students must undertake the Medical College Admissions Test (MCAT) exam, ideally in January and before September. The majority of universities do not mention the minimum score of MCAT required, as academic excellence is expected by the university for the students applying to their medical school. However, the universities will have a minimum requirement for the undergraduate degree obtained which is a B+ grade or higher. Anything lower than that is deemed unacceptable by the university, and they might ask the student to retake the examinations before re-applying.

Psychiatry Specializations

Programs in psychiatry can be categorized into several different areas of specialization, each focusing on a specific aspect of mental health and treatment. Some of the common categories of programs in psychiatry include:

1. General Psychiatry: This is a broad category that covers the diagnosis and treatment of a wide range of mental health disorders. General psychiatry programs typically provide a comprehensive overview of psychiatric disorders, assessment techniques, and treatment modalities.
2. Child and Adolescent Psychiatry: This specialization focuses on the mental health needs of children and adolescents. Postgraduate programs in child and adolescent psychiatry typically cover developmental psychology, family dynamics, and specialized treatment approaches for young patients.
3. Geriatric Psychiatry: This specialization focuses on the mental health needs of older adults. Postgraduate programs in geriatric psychiatry typically cover age-related mental health issues, cognitive disorders, and treatment approaches tailored to the unique needs of older patients.
4. Forensic Psychiatry: This specialization combines psychiatry and the legal system, focusing on the assessment and treatment of individuals involved in legal proceedings. Postgraduate programs in forensic psychiatry typically cover topics such as criminal behavior, risk assessment, and the intersection of mental health and the law.
5. Addiction Psychiatry: This specialization focuses on the assessment and treatment of substance use disorders and other addictive behaviors. Postgraduate programs in addiction psychiatry typically cover the neurobiology of addiction, pharmacological interventions, and behavioral therapies for addiction.
6. Psychosomatic Medicine: This specialization focuses on the interaction between mental health and physical health. Postgraduate programs in psychosomatic medicine typically cover the impact of psychological factors on physical health, as well as the treatment of mental health disorders that co-occur with medical conditions.
7. Consultation-Liaison Psychiatry: This specialization focuses on providing psychiatric care to patients in medical and surgical settings. Postgraduate programs in consultation-liaison psychiatry typically cover the assessment and treatment of psychiatric disorders in the context of other medical conditions.
8. Neuropsychiatry: This specialization focuses on the interface between psychiatry and neurology, particularly in the assessment and treatment of patients with brain injuries, neurodegenerative diseases, and other neurological conditions that impact mental health.
9. Community Psychiatry: This specialization focuses on providing mental health care in community settings, such as outpatient clinics, community mental health centers, and residential facilities. Postgraduate programs in community psychiatry typically cover the delivery of mental health services to diverse populations and the integration of psychiatric care with other community resources.
10. Psychodynamic Psychiatry: This specialization focuses on the theory and practice of psychodynamic psychotherapy, emphasizing the role of unconscious processes and early life experiences in shaping mental health. Postgraduate programs in psychodynamic psychiatry typically cover the principles of psychoanalytic theory and its application in clinical practice.

Overall, programs in psychiatry offer a wide range of specializations, allowing psychiatrists to develop expertise in specific areas of mental health and treatment. These programs provide comprehensive training and clinical experience to prepare psychiatrists for their professional practice in various settings, including hospitals, clinics, research institutions, and private practice.

How to Become a Psychiatrist?

• Obtaining a bachelor's degree: The first step to becoming a psychiatrist is to complete a bachelor's degree in a related field, such as psychology, biology, or pre-med. It is important to maintain a high GPA and gain experience in the field through internships or research opportunities.
• Taking the Medical College Admission Test (MCAT): In order to apply to medical school, candidates will need to take the MCAT exam and achieve a competitive score.
• Attending medical school: After completing a bachelor's degree and obtaining a competitive MCAT score, candidates will need to attend medical school to earn a Doctor of Medicine (MD) or Doctor of Osteopathic Medicine (DO) degree. Medical school typically takes four years to complete and includes coursework in anatomy, physiology, pharmacology, and psychiatry.
• Completing a residency program: After graduating from medical school, aspiring psychiatrists must complete a residency program in psychiatry, which typically lasts four years. During this time, residents will gain hands-on experience working with patients under the supervision of experienced psychiatrists.
• Obtaining a medical license: In order to practice as a psychiatrist, candidates must obtain a medical license in the state where they plan to work. This typically involves passing the United States Medical Licensing Examination (USMLE) or the Comprehensive Osteopathic Medical Licensing Examination (COMLEX-USA).
• Pursuing board certification: While board certification is not required to practice as a psychiatrist, it can demonstrate a candidate's expertise and commitment to the field. To become board-certified, they must pass the American Board of Psychiatry and Neurology (ABPN) exam.

Top Universities for Psychiatry

University	Tuition
Columbia University	$5,900 per year
Harvard University	$71,000 per year
University of Pennsylvania	$69,000 per year
University of Pittsburgh	$62,000 per year
Johns Hopkins University	$65,000 per year
Yale University	$70,000 per year
University of California - San Francisco	$38,000 to $50,000
Duke University	$33,000 per year
University of Michigan	$1,900 to $2,500 per credit hour
Stanford University	$22,000 quarterly
Cornell University	$63,000
University of California -LA	$6,500 to $12,000 per quarter
University of Washington	$53,000
University of California - Davis	$41,000

Job Prospects

With a psychiatry degree, there is a wide range of opportunities available in various settings. Some of the potential career paths include:

Private practice: Many psychiatrists choose to open their own private practice, where they can work with clients on a one-on-one basis to provide therapy, medication management, and other mental health services.

Hospitals and clinics: Psychiatrists can work in hospitals, clinics, and other healthcare settings to provide psychiatric evaluations, treatment, and consultation services to patients with mental health issues.

Research: Some psychiatrists choose to focus on research, conducting studies to better understand mental health disorders, develop new treatments, and improve the overall field of psychiatry.

Academia: Psychiatrists can also pursue careers in academia, teaching and mentoring future mental health professionals, conducting research, and contributing to the advancement of the field.

Forensic psychiatry: Forensic psychiatrists work at the intersection of mental health and the legal system, providing evaluations and expert testimony in legal cases involving mental health issues.

Telepsychiatry: With the rise of telehealth services, psychiatrists can now provide mental health services remotely, offering therapy and medication management through video conferencing and other online platforms.

Community mental health centers: Psychiatrists can work in community mental health centers, providing services to individuals who may not have access to traditional mental health care. This can include working with underserved populations, such as low-income individuals, veterans, or those experiencing homelessness.

Addiction treatment centers: Psychiatrists can specialize in treating individuals with substance use disorders, providing therapy, medication management, and other services to help individuals overcome addiction and maintain sobriety.

Consultation-liaison psychiatry: Psychiatrists in this specialty work in medical settings, such as hospitals, to provide psychiatric evaluations and treatment to patients with co-occurring mental health and medical conditions.

Child and adolescent psychiatry: Psychiatrists can specialize in working with children and adolescents, providing evaluations, therapy, and medication management to address a range of mental health issues specific to this population.

Geriatric psychiatry: Psychiatrists can specialize in working with older adults, providing evaluations, therapy, and medication management to address mental health issues that may arise later in life.

Crisis intervention: Psychiatrists can work in crisis intervention settings, such as emergency rooms or crisis hotlines, to provide immediate psychiatric evaluations and interventions for individuals experiencing acute mental health crises.

Mean Annual Salary of Psychiatrists in the United States

The table provided illustrates the states in the United States that have the highest salaries for psychiatrists.

State	Annual Mean Wage (approx.)
New Mexico	$240,000
Connecticut	$340,000
Louisiana	$320,000
Minnesota	$300,000
Missouri	$300,000

Schools Offering Degree Programs for MD/PhD in Psychiatry

• University of Alabama School of Medicine
• University of Arkansas College of Medicine
• Baylor College of Medicine
• University of California, San Francisco, School of Medicine
• David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA
• The Chicago Medical School at Rosalind Franklin U-Med & Sci
• University of Chicago Pritzker School of Medicine
• University of Cincinnati College of Medicine
• Joan & Sanford I. Weill Medical College of Cornell University
• Dartmouth Medical School
• Duke University School of Medicine
• Medical College of Georgia School of Medicine
• Harvard Medical School
• University of Illinois College of Medicine
• Indiana University School of Medicine
• University of California, Irvine, College of Medicine
• University of Kansas School of Medicine
• University of Kentucky College of Medicine
• State University of New York-Downstate Medical Center COM
• Louisiana State University School of Medicine in New Orleans
• University of Louisville School of Medicine
• Loyola University Chicago Stritch School of Medicine
• University of Miami School of Medicine
• Medical College of Wisconsin
• Loma Linda University School of Medicine
• Meharry Medical College
• University of Michigan Medical School
• University of Minnesota Medical School
• University of Mississippi School of Medicine
• University of Nebraska College of Medicine
• New York Medical College
• University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine
• The Ohio State University College of Medicine
• The University of Oklahoma College of Medicine
• Oregon Health & Science University
• University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine
• University of Texas Medical School at San Antonio
• University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine
• Medical University of South Carolina College of Medicine
• University of South Dakota School of Medicine
• Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California
• University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas Southwestern Medical School
• Stanford University School of Medicine
• State University of New York Upstate Medical University
• Temple University School of Medicine
• University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston
• Tulane University School of Medicine
• University of Utah School of Medicine
• UMDNJ-Robert Wood Johnson Medical School
• University of Virginia School of Medicine
• Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine
• University of Washington School of Medicine
• Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine
• Wayne State University School of Medicine
• West Virginia University School of Medicine
• University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health
• Drexel University College of Medicine
• University of Connecticut School of Medicine
• Yale University School of Medicine
• University of Arizona College of Medicine
• University of California, San Diego, School of Medicine
• University of Massachusetts Medical School
• Michigan State University College of Human Medicine
• Medical University of Ohio
• Louisiana State University School of Medicine in Shreveport
• Stony Brook University Health Sciences Center School of Medicine
• University of South Florida College of Medicine
• University of Nevada School of Medicine
• University of Texas Medical School at Houston
• Southern Illinois University School of Medicine
• Rush Medical College of Rush University Medical Center
• Brody School of Medicine at East Carolina University
• University of South Alabama College of Medicine
• Mayo Medical School
• Eastern Virginia Medical School
• Uniformed Services U of the Health Sci F Edward Hebert SOM
• The Texas A & M University System Health Science Center College of Medicine
• East Tennessee State University James H. Quillen College of Medicine
• Ponce School of Medicine
• Mercer University School of Medicine
• University of British Columbia Faculty of Medicine
• Memorial University of Newfoundland Faculty of Medicine
• Dalhousie University Faculty of Medicine
• McMaster University Faculty of Health Sciences
• University of Toronto Faculty of Medicine
• McGill University Faculty of Medicine
• University of Saskatchewan College of Medicine
• University of Illinois College of Medicine-Peoria
• University of Illinois College of Medicine-UrbanaChampaign
• Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine
• University of Illinois College of Medicine-Rockford
• Florida State University College of Medicine